Which foods are common triggers for gout attacks? (High-purine foods, such as seafood, organ meats, red meat, broths)

哎，说到痛风发作，那可真是疼起来要人命。管住嘴是关键，有几样东西是公认的“大忌”，发作期间或者平时都要特别小心：

海鲜和鱼类：这绝对是头号嫌疑犯。特别是带壳的，比如虾、螃蟹、扇贝、生蚝这些，嘌呤含量非常高。鱼类里面，像沙丁鱼、凤尾鱼、小鱼干也是高危分子。
动物内脏：这个比海鲜还厉害。什么猪肝、腰子、鸡胗、鸭肠、脑花……这些东西是嘌呤的“浓缩包”，能不碰就千万别碰。
红肉：就是我们常吃的猪肉、牛肉、羊肉。虽然没有内脏那么夸张，但吃多了尿酸肯定会升高。痛风发作的时候最好别吃，平时也要严格控制量。
各种浓汤：这是一个非常容易被忽略的“坑”！比如长时间熬煮的骨头汤、鸡汤、鱼汤，还有吃火锅吃到最后的那个汤底。肉里面的嘌呤都煮到汤里了，喝汤就等于喝了高浓度的嘌呤溶液，非常容易诱发痛风。

除了这些，还有两样东西也要特别注意：

酒类：尤其是啤酒，它既能促进尿酸生成，又会阻碍尿酸排出，简直是“火上浇油”。白酒、红酒也一样会诱发，最好是滴酒不沾。
含糖饮料：特别是含有大量果葡糖浆的汽水、果汁饮料，它们也会在体内代谢成果糖，进而促进尿酸的产生。

总的来说，就是记住“少吃肉、不喝汤、戒掉酒、多喝水（白开水）”。每个人的体质和诱因可能略有不同，但上面这些是绝大多数痛风朋友都需要避开的。

Oh, when it comes to a gout attack, the pain can be absolutely excruciating. Controlling your diet is key, and there are a few things that are universally recognized as "major taboos." You need to be especially careful with them, both during an attack and in your daily life:

Seafood and Fish: These are definitely the number one culprits. Especially shellfish like shrimp, crabs, scallops, and oysters, which are very high in purines. Among fish, sardines, anchovies, and dried small fish are also high-risk.
Animal Organs (Offal): These are even worse than seafood. Things like pork liver, kidneys, chicken gizzards, duck intestines, brains... these are "concentrated packages" of purines. If you can avoid them, absolutely do not touch them.
Red Meat: This refers to common meats like pork, beef, and lamb. While not as extreme as offal, excessive consumption will definitely raise uric acid levels. It's best to avoid them during a gout attack, and strictly limit your intake normally.
Various Rich Broths/Soups: This is an easily overlooked "trap"! For example, long-simmered bone broth, chicken soup, fish soup, and the soup base at the end of a hotpot meal. The purines from the meat are all cooked into the soup; drinking the soup is like drinking a highly concentrated purine solution, which is very likely to trigger gout.

Besides these, there are two other things to pay special attention to:

Alcohol: Especially beer, as it both promotes uric acid production and hinders its excretion, essentially "adding fuel to the fire." Baijiu (Chinese liquor) and red wine can also trigger attacks; it's best to abstain completely.
Sugary Drinks: Particularly sodas and fruit juice drinks containing large amounts of high-fructose corn syrup. These are metabolized into fructose in the body, which in turn promotes uric acid production.

In summary, just remember: "eat less meat, avoid rich soups, abstain from alcohol, and drink plenty of water (plain water)." While everyone's constitution and triggers may vary slightly, these are generally what most gout sufferers need to avoid.