What are the differences in using essential oils for external beam radiotherapy versus brachytherapy?

Differences in the Use of Essential Oils in External Beam Radiation Therapy and Brachytherapy

Essential oils (such as lavender, peppermint, etc.) are commonly used to help alleviate side effects of radiation therapy. However, their application differs significantly between External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) and Brachytherapy, primarily in terms of usage methods, safety risks, and evidence support.

1. Use of Essential Oils in External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT)

• Common Applications:
  • Primarily for external skin care to relieve radiation-induced skin reactions (e.g., redness, peeling, or itching). Examples:
    • Diluted lavender oil applied topically to soothe skin irritation.
    • Peppermint oil inhaled to reduce nausea or fatigue.
  • Oils are typically used via massage, diffusers, or topical application, avoiding direct contact with treatment marker areas.
• Precautions:
  • Relatively safe but should be used during treatment intervals to prevent interference with radiation penetration or allergic reactions.
  • Avoid photosensitive oils (e.g., citrus) to prevent aggravated skin damage.
  • Limited evidence, mostly from small studies or patient reports; use under medical supervision is advised.

2. Use of Essential Oils in Brachytherapy

• Common Applications:
  • Use is restricted, mainly for external relief of local discomfort (e.g., pain or inflammation around implant sites). Internal use (e.g., in vaginal or prostate treatments) is rare to avoid interference.
  • Examples: Tea tree oil diluted for skin disinfection, or inhaled lavender oil for anxiety relief.
• Precautions:
  • Higher risks: Oils may cause infections, allergies, or chemical reactions, especially with internal radiation sources; direct contact may displace implants or cause complications.
  • Strictly avoid during treatment unless approved by a physician; evidence is scarcer, and potential harms outweigh those in EBRT.

3. Key Differences Summary

4. General Recommendations

• Essential oils are complementary only, not substitutes for medical treatment. Patients should use them under oncologist guidance, prioritizing standard care protocols.
• Differences stem from treatment mechanisms: EBRT’s external radiation allows flexible oil use; Brachytherapy’s internal sources introduce higher risks.