What are the soil requirements for tea plant cultivation?
智也 裕樹
智也 裕樹
Soil Requirements for Tea Plant Cultivation
Tea plant cultivation has specific soil requirements to ensure healthy growth and high-quality tea leaves. Key requirements include:
- pH Level: Tea plants prefer acidic soil with a pH range of 4.5 to 6.5. Excessively acidic (pH<4.5) or alkaline (pH>6.5) conditions inhibit root development and nutrient absorption.
- Drainage: Well-drained soil is essential to prevent waterlogging. Tea plants are intolerant of stagnant water, which causes root rot and diseases.
- Organic Matter Content: Soil should be rich in organic matter (e.g., humus), with content exceeding 2%, to provide nutrients, improve soil structure, and enhance water retention.
- Soil Type: Suitable for growth in acidic soils like red soil and yellow soil. Saline-alkali soils or heavy clay soils should be avoided, as they are prone to compaction or high salinity.
- Soil Depth and Structure: Deep soil layers (at least 60 cm), loose texture, and good aeration are necessary to facilitate root extension and water infiltration.
- Nutrient Requirements: Adequate supplies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients are essential. Nitrogen is particularly crucial for tea yield and quality, and can be supplemented through fertilization.
- Additional Considerations: Avoid heavy metal contamination or pesticide residues; maintain slightly moist soil without waterlogging; implement soil conservation measures on slopes to prevent erosion.