What are the soil requirements for tea plant cultivation?

Soil Requirements for Tea Plant Cultivation

Tea plant cultivation has specific soil requirements to ensure healthy growth and high-quality tea leaves. Key requirements include:

• pH Level: Tea plants prefer acidic soil with a pH range of 4.5 to 6.5. Excessively acidic (pH<4.5) or alkaline (pH>6.5) conditions inhibit root development and nutrient absorption.
• Drainage: Well-drained soil is essential to prevent waterlogging. Tea plants are intolerant of stagnant water, which causes root rot and diseases.
• Organic Matter Content: Soil should be rich in organic matter (e.g., humus), with content exceeding 2%, to provide nutrients, improve soil structure, and enhance water retention.
• Soil Type: Suitable for growth in acidic soils like red soil and yellow soil. Saline-alkali soils or heavy clay soils should be avoided, as they are prone to compaction or high salinity.
• Soil Depth and Structure: Deep soil layers (at least 60 cm), loose texture, and good aeration are necessary to facilitate root extension and water infiltration.
• Nutrient Requirements: Adequate supplies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients are essential. Nitrogen is particularly crucial for tea yield and quality, and can be supplemented through fertilization.
• Additional Considerations: Avoid heavy metal contamination or pesticide residues; maintain slightly moist soil without waterlogging; implement soil conservation measures on slopes to prevent erosion.