What are Japan's emergency numbers (police, fire, ambulance)? How can I get help in an emergency?

Okay, no problem! Knowing these emergency numbers is really important when you've just arrived in Japan or are visiting. Don't worry, it's actually quite simple. Let me break it down for you.

Facing an Emergency in Japan? Don't Panic! Remember These Numbers and Steps

In Japan, there are two most important and commonly used emergency numbers. Be sure to memorize them well:

🚓 110 (Ichi Ichi Zero): Police
- Call this number for situations requiring police intervention, such as theft, robbery, fights, or traffic accidents.
🔥🚑 119 (Ichi Ichi Kyuu): Fire & Ambulance
- This number is special because it handles both fire emergencies and ambulance requests.
- Call 119 whether there's a fire or if someone suddenly falls ill or gets injured and needs emergency medical help.

Remember, calls to both numbers are free from any phone (mobile, landline, public phone).

How Do I Call for Help in an Emergency?

Just knowing the numbers isn't enough; knowing what to say is crucial. Don't be nervous; the operators are experienced and will try their best to help even if your Japanese isn't good. Follow these steps:

Step 1: Stay Calm and State What You Need Clearly

As soon as the call connects, the first thing you say is the most important. Tell them immediately what service you need.

When calling 119:
- For a fire, say: 「火事です」(Kaji desu) - "Fire!"
- For an ambulance, say: 「救急です」(Kyuukyuu desu) - "Ambulance!"
When calling 110:
- For a traffic accident, say: 「事故です」(Jiko desu) - "Accident!"
- For theft, say: 「泥棒です」(Dorobou desu) - "Thief!"

Tip: Even if you're flustered and forget the full phrase, clearly saying the key word like "Kaji!" (Fire!) or "Kyuukyuu!" (Ambulance!) will help them understand!

Step 2: State Your Location Clearly (Most Important!)

This is the most critical piece of information in the entire call! Without an address, no one can help you.

If you know the address: Tell them your address slowly and clearly. E.g., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo...
If you don't know the address: Don't panic! Look for landmarks around you:
- Names of major intersections, signs on traffic lights.
- Are there any nearby convenience stores (7-Eleven, FamilyMart, Lawson), supermarkets, post offices, parks, or well-known restaurants?
- What is the name of the nearest subway station or bus stop?
- Ultimate tip: Find a utility pole! Many utility poles in Japan have small plates with address information. Read the address on the plate to the operator so they can pinpoint your location. Many vending machines also have this information.

Step 3: Briefly Describe the Situation

What happened? (e.g., Someone fell down the stairs / Kitchen is on fire)
How many people are injured? What is their condition? (e.g., 1 person, leg seems broken, can't move / Are they conscious?)
Your name and contact number.

Step 4: Don't Hang Up First!

Wait until the operator has asked all their questions and tells you "it's okay" before hanging up. They might give you first aid instructions over the phone or need to confirm information.

"What if I Don't Speak Japanese?"

Don't worry, this is a common concern.

Try English: In major cities like Tokyo and Osaka, emergency centers often have English-speaking operators or can connect you to a translator. You can start by saying “English, please!” or 「英語、お願いします」(Eigo, onegaishimasu).
Ask someone nearby for help: If there are Japanese people around, ask them to make the call.
Say key words slowly: Even without a common language, if you slowly say the key words mentioned above (Kaji, Kyuukyuu, Jiko) and key location information (like Shinjuku Station), they can usually figure out the situation and send help.

One More "Less Urgent" Number

#9110: Police Consultation Hotline
- This is NOT for emergencies. If you have a non-emergency issue, like a neighborhood dispute, harassment, or suspicion of being scammed (but nothing has happened yet), you can call this number for advice.

Hope this information helps! In summary, remember the two numbers 110 (Police) and 119 (Fire/Ambulance), stay calm if something happens, and focus on clearly stating "what happened" and "where you are". Wishing you a safe and smooth time in Japan!