What are the core principles of journalistic ethics? Please provide examples.

Here's the English translation:

Hey, when it comes to news ethics, it's not as mysterious as it sounds. You can think of a good journalist as a reliable "messenger" or a "referee" in a ball game. Their job isn't to tell you who to support, nor is it to make up stories to entertain you. Instead, it's to tell you exactly what happened on the field, truthfully and accurately. In this process, they must adhere to a few basic rules, which form the core of news ethics.

There are several key principles:

1. Truthfulness & Accuracy: The Foremost Principle

• What it means: This is like how we speak in daily life; we can't just make things up. What a journalist reports must be factual, not something they imagined or wished for. Moreover, these facts must be repeatedly verified (cross-checked) to ensure details like names, times, locations, numbers, etc., are all accurate.
• Example: For instance, when reporting on a fire, a journalist cannot just say, "I guess a dozen shops burned down" based on a hunch. They must verify with the fire department or confirm on-site themselves, then report, "It has been confirmed that the fire affected 12 businesses." If a journalist, to attract attention, writes about something a celebrity didn't do (like drug abuse) as if it were true, that's a serious violation of the principle of truthfulness.

2. Impartiality & Fairness: No Taking Sides

• What it means: This is like a referee who cannot favor either team. When reporting on a controversial event, you cannot just listen to one side's story. You must include the voices of all relevant parties, allowing readers to form their own judgments. Journalists should not inject personal biases into their reports, overtly supporting or opposing one side.
• Example: For instance, reporting on a demolition dispute. An impartial journalist would interview residents whose homes were allegedly forcibly demolished, and also interview the developers and government departments responsible for the demolition, to hear their perspectives and policy justifications. They wouldn't just listen to the residents' complaints and portray the developers as utterly evil, or vice versa.

3. Independence: Not Bought Off

• What it means: A journalist's salary comes from the news organization, but their service is to the public. They cannot write only good things about a company because they received "benefits" from them (this is called "paid news"), nor can they conceal the truth for fear of offending a powerful figure. Their pen must be independent, free from the control of money and power.
• Example: For instance, a car journalist who received "red envelopes" and free trips from a certain car manufacturer, then returned to lavish praise on a car that clearly had defects, completely ignoring its safety hazards. This journalist would have lost their independence, becoming a "shill" for the manufacturer, deceiving the readers who trusted them.

4. Minimizing Harm: With Humanity

• What it means: News sometimes reveals suffering, but it should not create or exacerbate suffering for the sake of news. Especially when dealing with disaster survivors, crime victims, or minors, journalists must exercise particular empathy, protect their privacy, and avoid causing them "secondary harm."
• Example: For instance, when reporting on a heinous crime, journalists should not chase after the victims' children, thrusting microphones and cameras in their faces, asking cruel questions like, "Are you sad that your parents died?" Nor should they disclose private information like the victims' home addresses, which could put them in new danger. Balancing the public's right to know with individual privacy is key here.

5. Accountability: Own Up to Mistakes

• What it means: To err is human, and journalists can also make mistakes. However, a responsible journalist and news organization, if they discover an error in their reporting, will immediately and publicly correct it and apologize to the public. They won't just delete the article and pretend nothing happened.
• Example: For instance, a newspaper reports that an official was corrupt, but later a court rules that there is insufficient evidence and the official is innocent. In that case, the newspaper should publish a correction notice in an equally prominent position, stating that the previous report was erroneous and apologizing to the person involved. This is a demonstration of responsibility.

So, you see, these principles can be summarized in four key terms: Truthfulness, Fairness, Independence, and Humanity, coupled with an attitude of Accountability. These are not only professional requirements for journalists but also crucial benchmarks for us ordinary people to judge whether a piece of news is reliable.