How can the intelligence level of a humanoid robot be measured? Are there any unified evaluation standards?

Hello! Regarding how to measure the intelligence level of humanoid robots, this is a particularly interesting question and a topic of ongoing discussion in the community. Simply put, there isn't yet a unified, universally accepted standard like an "IQ test," but we do have a multi-dimensional assessment method, akin to a "physical examination report."

Imagine, when we evaluate a person as "capable," we don't just look at whether they can solve math problems; we consider their overall abilities, right? Evaluating robots is similar. We typically "assess" them across the following major aspects:

1. How Developed Are Its "Limbs"? — Motor Intelligence

This is the most intuitive aspect, focusing on its "physical capabilities."

• Balance and Walking: Can it walk stably on flat ground, slopes, grass, or even slightly uneven terrain without falling? This is fundamental. More advanced capabilities include running, jumping, or standing on one leg.
• Hand-Eye Coordination: Can it precisely see an object and then reach out to grasp it? For example, if there's a cup on the table, can it accurately pick it up without knocking it over or missing it?
• Fine Manipulation: This is a higher-level ability. Can it perform delicate tasks with its "fingers"? For instance, unscrewing a bottle cap, threading a needle, or using tools (like tightening a screw). This severely tests the robot's control precision.

You can think of this part as an athlete's physical fitness test, measuring strength, agility, and coordination.

2. How Smart Is Its "Brain"? — Cognitive Intelligence

This part is what we typically understand as "IQ," but it's far more complex than mere calculation.

• Environmental Perception and Understanding: Can the robot "understand" the world? It needs to use cameras and sensors to identify whether what's in front of it is a table, a chair, a person, or a pet. Furthermore, it needs to understand the relationships between these objects, such as "the cup is on the table" or "the person is sitting on the chair."
• Task Planning and Execution: If you tell it: "Please get me a can of soda from the refrigerator." Can it break down this complex command into a series of smaller tasks?
  1. Find the way to the kitchen.
  2. Identify which one is the refrigerator.
  3. Walk over and open the refrigerator door.
  4. Find the soda (not milk or juice) inside the refrigerator.
  5. Take it out.
  6. Close the refrigerator door.
  7. Bring the soda to you. The entire process requires a clear logical chain.
• Learning and Adaptability: This is the core of intelligence. If it opened the refrigerator door too forcefully the first time, will it learn to be gentler next time? If taught a new task, such as "throw the trash into the bin," can it learn and generalize its learning to similar situations? A smart robot should be able to learn from experience and continuously improve.
• Language Interaction: Can it understand what we say? Not just simple commands like "turn on the light," but also more complex, even somewhat vague sentences, such as "it's a bit dark in here." Does its response sound like a machine, or can it engage in logical, context-aware conversations?

3. How High Is Its "Emotional Intelligence"? — Social Intelligence

This is a key aspect that distinguishes humanoid robots from other industrial robotic arms, as they need to interact with people.

• Intent Recognition: Can it infer whether you are happy or sad from your facial expressions, tone of voice, and gestures? Do you need help, or do you wish to be left alone?
• Safety and Interaction: When moving around with people, will it bump into them? When handing something to you, is its force safe? Do its actions conform to common human social etiquette?
• Human-Robot Collaboration: Can it complete a task with you? For example, you hold one end of a table, and it holds the other, and together you move the table to another room.

In Summary

So, as you can see, measuring how smart a robot is isn't something that can be done with a single score. It's more like a detailed "capability assessment report" that includes its performance in various aspects such as motor skills, cognition, and social interaction.

Currently, research institutions and companies worldwide conduct specific "challenge competitions" to test and evaluate robots' capabilities. For instance, robots might be tasked with opening doors, climbing stairs, and using tools in simulated disaster scenarios. Whoever completes these tasks faster and better demonstrates a higher overall intelligence level.

In general, we are moving from evaluating "what it can do" to "how well and how human-like it can do it." The standards are continuously evolving, and perhaps in the future, a more unified "robot comprehensive ability test" will indeed emerge!