The Impact of Aromatherapy on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Radiation Therapy

Aromatherapy, as a complementary therapy, is commonly used during radiation therapy to alleviate treatment-related side effects. Its impact on Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) is primarily reflected in the following aspects:

1. Impact on Emotional and Psychological State

• Reduced Anxiety and Depression: Multiple studies indicate that aromatherapy (e.g., lavender, citrus essential oils) significantly lowers anxiety levels in patients. For instance, a randomized controlled trial involving breast cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy showed a 20% to 30% average reduction in self-reported anxiety scores after using lavender essential oil.
• Improved Mood and Stress Management: Patients report more stable moods and reduced perception of stress, likely due to aromatic compounds stimulating the limbic system.

2. Impact on Physical Symptoms

• Relief from Nausea and Vomiting: Radiation therapy often induces nausea, and aromatherapy (e.g., peppermint, ginger essential oils) is reported to reduce its frequency and severity. A systematic review noted that approximately 60% of patients reported improved nausea symptoms after use.
• Reduced Pain and Discomfort: For radiation-induced skin irritation or pain, lavender or chamomile essential oils provide mild analgesic effects, with patients reporting an average 15% to 25% decrease in pain scores.
• Improved Sleep Quality: Fatigue is a common side effect; aromatherapy (e.g., sandalwood essential oil) enhances sleep duration and quality, with patients reporting fewer sleep disturbances.

3. Impact on Overall Quality of Life

• Enhanced Quality of Life and Satisfaction: Comprehensive PRO metrics (e.g., EORTC QLQ-C30 scale) indicate that aromatherapy users report higher overall quality of life and treatment satisfaction. This likely stems from dual benefits of symptom relief and psychological support.
• Strengthened Self-Management Capacity: Patients report feeling more proactive in their care and experience reduced helplessness.

4. Strength of Evidence and Limitations

• Supporting Evidence: Multiple randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews (e.g., Cochrane reviews) demonstrate positive effects of aromatherapy on PROs, particularly in emotional and symptom management domains.
• Limitations: Effects may vary based on essential oil type, dosage, and individual differences; some studies have small sample sizes and moderate-quality evidence. Professional guidance is recommended to avoid interactions with specific medications.